Lesson completed.

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Your score was: 69 %

Better preparation next time is strongly advised. Repeat this learning path until you are able to answer the self-test questions.

Question Results

Score 0 of 10

Question:

GI-tract self-study #1

Response:

Describe the position of the oesophagus (using anatomical topographical terms such as cranial, caudal, ventral, dorsal, anterior or posterior) relative to the vertebral column and the trachea.

Fill in which muscular structure the oesophagus passes before it reaches the stomach (it is important in breathing)? Fill in the main function of the oesophagus? Both answers are one-word answers.

The oesophagus lies anterior to the vertebral column.

The oesophagus lies dorsal to the trachea.

The oesophagus has to pass the diaphragm to enter the abdomen and connect to the stomach.

Main function of the oesophagus: transport of food from the mouth to the stomach.

Score 10 of 10

Question:

Oesophagus 1-adapted

Response:

Which structures are in contact with the oesophagus (check ALL correct answers).

Answers	Your Answer	Correct
Diaphragm
Spleen
Heart
Aorta
Lungs
Liver
Trachea
Gallbladder

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Question:

Swallowing when upside down

Response:

How is it possible that food can be swallowed when a person is upside down?

Answers	Your Answer	Correct
The food is stored until the person is upright again
Food can travel freely between the stomach and mouth at any given time due to gravity
Muscles in the wall of the esophagus help the transport of food to the stomach

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Question:

GI-tract self-study 2

Response:

Use an atlas or the Internet to find the following 4 structures: cardia, pylorus, duodenojejunal flexure, ileal orifice. They are all transitions between parts of the digestive tract. Which organs do they connect with each other, and in which region can they be found (roughly, use the regions from Figures 1B and 2A). Name the organs in the order from proximal (mouth) to distal (anus). Also locate the position o your own body. An orifice is an opening or a mouth. The term comes from Latin: os = mouth and facere (make): to make a mouth.

The cardia is the area between oesophagus and stomach. It lies in the epigastric region.
The pylorus connects stomach and duodenum and lies in the epigastric region.
The duodenaljejunal flexure connects duodenum and jejunum and lies in the umbilical region.
The ileal orifice connects ileum and colon and lies in the right iliac region.

Score 10 of 10

Question:

Parts of the large intestine

Response:

The large intestine consists of different parts. Which parts?

Answers	Your Answer	Correct
Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon and sigmoid colon
Pancreas, gallbladder and duodenum
Duodenum, jejunum and ileum
Sigmoid colon and rectum

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Question:

Name of sphincter stomach

Response:

What is the name of the sphincter (circular muscle) that opens and closes the distal end of the stomach?

Answers	Your Answer	Correct
Treitz' sphincter
Oddi's sphincter
Duodenum
Pylorus

Score 10 of 10

Question:

Sigmoid colon

Response:

What is the sigmoid colon named after?

Answers	Your Answer	Correct
The greek letter 'sigma' that has a comparable shape to this part of the colon
The fact that the sigmoid colon 'signals' when the rectum is full
It refers to the Lating names for left (sinistra) and down (inferior)

Score 10 of 10

Question:

Order of intestines

Response:

In which order does food passt the parts of the gastrointestinal tract (cranial to caudal) given below?‎

Answers	Your Answer	Correct
Oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, ileum, jejunum, colon, rectum.
Oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, rectum
Stomach, oesophagus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, rectum, colon
Oesophagus, duodenum, stomach, ileum, jejunum, colon, rectum

Score 0 of 10

Question:

H5P Interactive video - stomach parts

Response:

Fill in the correct names of the indicated stomach parts.

The sphincter in the pylorus allows chyme to pass from the stomach to the duodenum and prevents its backflow from the duodenum to the stomach.

The main part of the stomach is the body / corpus.

In an upright position, air will collect in the fundus of the stomach.

The oesophagus enters the stomach in the cardia of the stomach

Rehearse parts of the stomach

Dropzone	Correct Answers	Your answers
drop zone	top of the stomach

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Question:

Components of the stomach 1-adapted

Response:

Place the components of the stomach in the right spot

Dropzone	Correct Answers	Your answers
fundus	fundus	fundus
antrum	fundus	antrum
antrum	antrum
pylorus	pylorus	pylorus
pylorus	cardia
corpus	cardia	cardia
	antrum
	corpus
cardia	corpus
cardia	cardia

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Question:

Stomach 1 parts of the stomach

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Question:

Stomach 2 parts of the stomach

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Question:

Stomach 3 parts of the stomach

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Question:

Lesser and greater omentum

Response:

At which stomach curve are the lesser omentum and the greater omentum situated?

Answers	Your Answer	Correct
Greater omentum at the greater curvature, lesser omentum at the lesser curvature
Greater omentum at the lesser curvature, lesser omentum at the greater curvature
Greater omentum at the greater curvature, lesser omentum at the greater curvature
Greater omentum at the lesser curvature, lesser omentum at the lesser curvature

Score 10 of 10

Question:

Stomach 4 Lesser curvature

Response:

Where is the lesser curvature of the stomach

Answers	Your Answer	Correct
Only A
Only B
Both A and B
Only C
Only D
Both C and D

Score 10 of 10

Question:

stomach vascularization

Response:

Blood is delivered to the stomach by the left and right gastric arteries (lesser curvature) and by the left and right gastro-omental arteries (greater curvature; in some books, or articles you will also find the terms left and right gastroepiploic arteries). These arteries are either primary or secondary branches of the celiac trunk (truncus coeliacus). Describe the correct route of the arterial blood from the aorta to the gastric and gastro-omental/gastroepiploic arteries by dragging the correct terms into the spaces. The word DIRECT indicates that there is no extra vessel between celiac trunk and the final vessel.

Please be aware, that you may sometimes have to move the dragged word slightly left on the field that you want to drag it to to make it "stick".

Aorta - celiac trunk - DIRECT - left gastric artery
Aorta - celiac trunk - common hepatic artery - proper hepatic artery - right gastric artery
Aorta - celiac trunk - splenic artery - left gastro-omental artery
Aorta - celiac trunk - common hepatic artery - gastroduodenal artery - right gastro-omental artery.

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Question:

Stomach 10 Vascularization of the stomach

Response:

Which artery provides the dark red shaded area of the stomach in the photo? The image is seen from the front.

Answers	Your Answer	Correct
left gastro-omental artery
right gastro-omental artery
left gastric artery
right gastric artery

Score 10 of 10

Question:

Connection with the duodenum

Response:

Which structures are connected directly with the duodenum?

Answers	Your Answer	Correct
Front of the abdominal wall
Spleen
Hepatoduodenal ligament
Back of the abdominal wall
Inferior mesenteric artery and vein
Pancreas

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Question:

Parts of the small intestine

Response:

The small intestine consists of three different parts. Which parts?

Answers	Your Answer	Correct
Pancreas, gallbladder, duodenum
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon
Oesophagus, stomach, duodenum

Score 10 of 10

Question:

Functions of the small intestine

Response:

Functions of the small intestine

Dropzone	Correct Answers	Your answers
Duodenum	controls pylorus opening	release of hormones
	release of hormones	release of pancreatic enzymes
	release of pancreatic enzymes	iron absorption
	iron absorption	controls pylorus opening
Jejunum	amino acid absorption	amino acid absorption
Jejunum	carbohydrate absorption	carbohydrate absorption
Ileum	Vit. B12 absorption	bile salt absorption
Ileum	bile salt absorption	Vit. B12 absorption

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Question:

Small intestine 1 Folds in jejunum

Response:

The photo shows the inside of the jejunum. What are the folds called?

Answers	Your Answer	Correct
Semilunar folds
Semicircular folds
Circular folds or plicae circulares
Villi

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Question:

Small intestine 11 'White rice grains' in the terminal ileum on endoscopy

Response:

The photo shows an image of an endoscopy. The scope is located in the terminal ileum. What are the white 'rice grain-like' structures that can be seen on the gut wall?

Answers	Your Answer	Correct
Semilunar folds
Villi
Microvilli
Circular folds

Score 10 of 10

Question:

Ileocaecal junction 1

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Question:

Large intestine 1 Caecum

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Question:

Characteristic components of the large intestine

Response:

Fill in the words in the correct places.

The taeniae of the colon are the outer (= longitudinal) muscle layers of the colon lying along the colon, consisting of three long strips of muscle. They contract the colon, causing bulges of the colon, the so-called haustra. In between the bulges there are folds called semilunar folds. These folds are dynamic, they come and go with the contractions of the colon. Don't mistake them for the folds of the small intestine, the circular folds. These are permanent

Score 10 of 10

Question:

Abdominal artery branches

Response:

Drag the names of arteries branching from the abdominal aorta to the correct position.

Dropzone	Correct Answers	Your answers
renal arteries	renal arteries	renal arteries
celiac trunk	celiac trunk	celiac trunk
superior mesenteric artery	superior mesenteric a.	superior mesenteric a.
inferior mesenteric artery	inferior mesenteric a.	inferior mesenteric a.
common iliac arteries	common iliac arteries	common iliac arteries
gonadal arteries	gonadal arteries	gonadal arteries
phrenic arteries	phrenic arteries	phrenic arteries